从制度设计看美国大学终身教职制的理念基础

On the Ideational Foundations of the Tenurial System in American Universities from the Perspective of System Design

终身教职制是20世纪初美国大学确立的教师任用制度,时至今日,它仍然是美国大学主要的教师任用制度。从制度设计的角度可以分析出终身教职制的三个理念基础,即对学术自由的捍卫、对职业安全的保障、对优秀人才的选拔。从制度设计看美国终身教职制的理念基础或许对我国正在进行的大学教师人事制度改革有一定的启发意义。

The tenurial system is one designed by American universities to employ teachers, which is now still prevalent in America. From the perspective of system design, we can find three ideational foundations with the tenurial system including champion academic freedom, secure employment and selection of talents, which, to some extent, may enlighten the personnel reform in the universities of China.