渭北旱塬两种类型农林复合经营生态系统环境效应评价

Environmental Influence Assessment of Two Main Types of Agroforestry Ecosystems in Arid Plateau of the North Weihe River in Shanxi

为研究农林复合经营生态系统的营造及其人为管理对当地环境产生的影响,在实地监测和调查分析的基础上,运用多级模糊综合评判-灰色关联优势分析复合模型,对渭北旱塬2种主要类型农林复合经营生态系统(以苹果-农作物间作为主的T1型和以花椒-农作物间作为主的T2型)的环境效应进行了评价与对比研究。结果表明,土壤、径流水体、农副产品环境污染状况,T1、T2均为Ⅰ级;当前社会经济效益T1(Ⅱ级)高于T2(Ⅲ级);生态环境效应T2(Ⅱ级)优于T1(Ⅲ级);综合环境效应T1、T2均为Ⅰ级。在此基础上运用灰色关联优势分析进一步区分T1、T2综合环境效应的优劣,T1、T2与理想状况参考数列的关联度分别为0.6670、0.6674,T2的综合环境效应优于T1。从综合环境效应和生态可持续发展来看,以花椒-农作物间作为主的T2型优于以苹果-农作物间作为主的T1型。

AbThe effect of agroforestry ecosystems on local environment was studied by using multilevel fuzzy synthetic evaluation-grey correlativity analysis model. Based on the detection and analysis on the environment of agroforestry ecosystems in arid plateau of north Weihe River in Shaanxi province, the agroforestry ecosystems environmental effects of type 1 （T1） in which the main intercrops were apple and crops and type 2 （T2） in which the main intererops were prickly ash and crops were assessed and analyzed. The results were as follows： the contaminated status of soil, water and agricultural products in T1 and T2 belonged to grade Ⅰ; the present social economical Benefits of T1 （grade Ⅱ ） was better than T2 （grade Ⅲ; however, the ecological environmental effeets of T2 was grade Ⅱ, better than T1 that was grade Ⅲ; the comprehensive environmental effects of T, and T2 were all grade Ⅰ , grey correlativity analysis for the two types showed that the comprehensive environmental effects of T2 was better than TI, with the correlation of T1 and T2 0.6670 and 0.6674 respectively. From the comprehensive environmental effects and the Benefits of ecological sustainable development, T2 was better than T1.