绝经后骨质疏松症山羊模型的建立及其意义

Establishment and significance of a goat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

目的建立绝经后骨质疏松症山羊模型并探讨其意义。方法将10只6～8岁雌性健康山羊,随机分为两组,假手术组(SHAM组,2只,开腹后缝合切口)和双侧卵巢切除术组(OVX组,8只,切除山羊的双侧卵巢),术前和术后4个月,分别自颈静脉抽血检测血生化指标,使用双能X线吸收法(DEXA)测量L1～L4的骨密度(BMD,g/cm2),并取椎体内松质骨做病理组织学观察。结果OVX手术及假手术均较顺利,无动物死亡;腹腔切除物经组织学确认为卵巢组织,OVX术后4个月椎体内松质骨与术前相比,骨小梁变细、数量轻度减少,间距增宽,骨髓腔扩大;OVX术后4个月碱性磷酸酶为(472±63)IU/L,其与BMD均较术前明显降低(P<0.05)。结论中老年雌性山羊可能是一种有效且经济的绝经后骨质疏松症大动物模型,对于骨质疏松性骨折内植物的基础研究具有广阔而深远的意义。

Objectives To establish postmenopausal osteoporosis goat model after bilateral ovariectomy （OVX） and demonstrate its significance. Methods Ten aged ewes about 6 to 8 years were randomly divided into two groups： sham-operated group （SHAM, 2 ewes）, OVX group （8 ewes）. Before and 4 months after operation, blood biochemistry markers were measured, bone mineral density （BMD） was determined by using dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry （DEXA） and histopathological examination was done. Results All the operations were successful without dead cases. The resected tissues were histologically affirmed as ovary. The levels of blood ALP were significantly increased and BMD in the vertebra decreased obviously 4 months after ovariectomy, and histopathological examination revealed that the trabecular bones became thinner, their number decreased and the space between them widened, and the antrum of bone marrow enlarged. Conclusion The aged ewe is an economical and effective model from big animal omnivores for postmenopausal osteoporosis, which has important significance for the experimental study on postmenopausal osteoporosis.