银行业公司治理与外部监管

Corporate Governance and Prudential Supervision in Banking

银行业具有较高的风险聚集性和很高的财务杠杆,信息不对称性的存在使得银行的公司治理从根本上有别于一般公司。保护存款人的利益是银行业公司治理的关键,这使银行业需要政府监管职能的介入以实现有效治理。在我国,政府或行政直接干预和银行承担无限责任是国有银行公司治理缺失的根本原因。根据现代公司治理的要求,对国有银行进行股份制改造,是我国国有银行改革的根本出路。

The corporate governance in banking sector differentiates largely from that of corporate in general because of some special characteristics of banking sector, such as great extemality, massive risk, higher debt ratio and greater infomlation asymmetries, etc. Depositor protection is the key factor for the ＂banking corporate governance. Govemment should regulate and supervise banks to improve their govemance as the agent of all depositors. The weak corporate governance of state - owned banks is attributed mostly to direct intervenes of government and infinite obligation taken by banks in China. The key of the state - owned banks reform is to motivate joint - stock restructuring based on the requirements of modem corporate governance.