鼎湖山森林群落多样性垂直分布格局的研究

Vertical pattern of plant community and biodiversity on the Dinghu Mountain

根据鼎湖山10 m×1 200 m的植物固定样带调查,沿海拔梯度对植物群落分布格局及生物多样性特性进行了分析。结果表明,本固定样带有3个森林类型,5个群落类型,构成一演替序列,但在垂直梯度上有交错现象。生物多样性指数为:乔木层,中生性阔叶林>针阔混交林>阳生性阔叶林;草本层,针阔混交林>阔叶林。阳性草本植物为主的草本群大部分生长在阳性树种为主的阔叶林和针阔混交林下,但是林下微环境变化对草本层植物优势度的影响也较大,以耐荫植物为主的草本群在阳性树种为主的阔叶林和针阔混交林也有分布,表明相同群落类型林下小环境的变化。

Based on the investigation along the transect of 10 m × 1 200 m in the Dinghu Moutain, which started from 50.2 m to 476.5 m above sea level, the vertical pattern of plant community and their biodiversity were studied. There were 3 forest types and 5 communities along the transect, which consisted of a succession series. But vertical distribution was not in order. In the tree layer, the biodiversity index was in order of broad-leaved forest of mesophytes 〉 pine and broad-leaved mixed forest 〉 broad-leaved forest of heliophytes; In the herb layer, The biodivecsiey index was in order of pine and broad-leaved mixed forest 〉 broad-leaved forest. Most herb groups of heliophytes grew in pine and broad-leaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest of heliophytes. The distribution of herb groups was complex under tree canopy, and some herb groups of shade-tolerance species grew under heliophytes groups, which indicated that micro-environment under tree-crown could influence the pattem of herb group distribution obviously.