淮南市重金属污染对土壤动物群落和多样性影响研究

Influence of heavy metal pollution on soil animal community and its diversity in Huainan City

通过对淮南煤矿和发电厂及灰场污染地的土壤动物群落结构进行分析。结果表明,土壤动物群落的组成与数量随着污染的加重而减少,土壤动物的密度也有同样的变化趋势;在重污染土壤中,优势类群与常见类群的种类明显减少。随着污染的加重使土壤动物的种类和数量逐渐减少。重金属污染对土壤动物群落结构的影响是随着污染的加重,多样性指数、均匀性指数、密度类群指数都有减少的趋势,优势度指数在灰场外围是先增加后减少。在群落指标的相关性中,多样性指数和均匀性指数呈密切正相关,多样性指数与优势性指数呈负相关,有机质含量与土壤动物个体数量关系不密切。

The paper analyzed the community and biodiversity of soil animal in heavy metal polluted soil in Huainan city, The results showed that the species and number of soil animals decreased with the increase of pollution degree, sodid their density. The dominant and common species decreased obviously in seriously polluted soil. Some important indexes of community structure such as diversity （H）, eveness （E）, density group （DG） tended to decrease with the pollution increase, while dominance index （C） increased and then decreased outside the coal ash site. H index was positively correlated with E index, but it was negatively related with C index. There was no close correlation between soil animal number and the content of organic matter in soil.