热处理对开孔泡沫Al-Cu-Mg合金力学性能及吸能性的影响

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Open Cell Al-Cu-Mg Alloy Foams

利用MTS810材料试验机及分离式Hopkinson压杆进行了准静态(1.0×10-3s-1)及动态(～2.0×103 s-1)压缩试验,分别研究了热处理(T6强化处理和纯时效硬化)对渗流法生产的开孔泡沫Al-Cu-Mg合金准静态及动态压缩性能及吸能性的影响.结果表明,与制备态(F)相比,经纯时效硬化处理(A)及T6强化处理的泡沫Al-Cu-Mg合金的动态及静态压缩强度提高、平台区缩短,在一定应变下单位体积吸收的能量提高,而且均表现出对应变率的敏感性.纯时效硬化处理与T6强化处理相比不需要固溶处理,不仅具有经济上的利益,而且还避免了在水中淬火时对泡孔结构的破坏.

The effects of heat treatment on the quasi-static （ 1.0×10^-3 s^-1） and dynamic （-2.0×10^3 s^-1 ） compressive properties and energy absorption characteristics of open cell Al-Cu-Mg aluminum foams produced by infiltrating process in as-fabricated （F）, age-hardened （A） and solution treated and age-hardened （T6） conditions were studied. MTS810 material test system and the split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） were used for quasi-static and high strain rate compression test respectively. The results show that both age-hardened and T6-strengthened foams exhibited improved compression strength and shortened plateau region compared with that of foams in as-fabricated state under both quasi-static compression and high strain rate compression. In both conditions, the energy absorbed is enhanced, and the foams are also strain rate sensitive. It＇s worthy of note that age - hardened treatment can also improve the compressive strength of aluminum foams without solution treatment ,not only being of economical benefits but also avoiding damaging the cell structure of foams.