胆囊癌的发展及治疗

Carcinoma of gallbladder —— development and management

胆囊癌是最常见的胆道恶性肿瘤。由于这种肿瘤侵袭性高,早期症状不明显,导致早期诊断困难,手术切除率低,预后差(5年总存活率<5%)的特性。随着对胆囊癌认识的增加,适当检查的应用与积极治疗,胆囊癌的治愈机会得到大大提高。近年根治性手术后5年总存活率达到27%～57%。诊断时的分期及手术时肿瘤足够切缘是最重要的预后因子。本文集中讨论胆囊癌的临床特性、检查、治疗及预后。

Carcinoma of gallbladder is the commonest malignancy in the biliary tract and it is highly aggressive in nature. Eady diagnosis is very difficult and the turnour resection rate is low. As a result, the prognosis of carcinoma of gallbladder is very poor （5-year survival rate, 〈5%）. With adequate use of preoperative investigation and with aggressive surgery, the curative rate has significantly improved. In recent years, the 5-year survival rate after radical surgical resection for carcinoma of gallbladder is 27 %- 57 %. The most important prognostic factors are tumour staging and adequacy of tumor resection margins. This article reviews the presentation, investigation, treatment and prognosis of carcinoma of gallbladder.