38例院前猝死回顾性调查

A retrospective analysis to 38 cases of sudden death at home

史军董克郭俊堂张建军摘要目的分析老年患者发生院前猝死的危险因素。方法回顾性分析北京某社区1993～2004年38例老年院前猝死病例,调查猝死患者生前已诊断疾病情况,猝死前状态及诱因、发病季节及时间。结果高血压、冠心病、糖尿病是老年猝死患者生前罹患比率最高的前三位基础疾病,分别占78.94%、55.26%和44.73%。4月份猝死事件发生最多;73.68%发生在早6时～晚6时;发生在患者家中占81.57%。结论老年患者心血管疾病可能是导致猝死的主要原因,有心肌梗死、心律失常、心功能不全的患者是发生猝死的高危人群;事件发生突然,往往无明显先兆。

Objective To analyze the potential risk factors of sudden death at home in senile people. Methods 38 eases of cardiac arrest in a community occurring at home from 1993 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. The data concerning their condition of health before death, the diagnosis of the diseases confirmed, the predisposing causes of cardiac arrest, and the season and time of death were collected and analyzed. Results It was found that hypertension, CHD and diabetes were the predominant diseases in senile patients died of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Most of the deaths occurred in April, 73. 7% of the deaths occurred during 6：00-18：00, and 81. 6% cases occurred in their homes. Conclusion In senile patients, the cardiovascular diseases may be the main risk factors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The patients with myocardial infarction, arrhythmia and heart failure constitute the high risk group of cardiac arrest. Usually death occurs without a portent.