三倍体萍乡肉红鲫的精子入卵及胚胎发育观察

OBSERVATION ON SPERM PENETRATION AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRIPLOID PINGXIANG RED-TRANSPARENT CRUCIAN CARP

用扫描(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了天然三倍体萍乡肉红鲫成熟卵子卵壳、受精孔、精子进入区以 及卵子质膜表面的细微结构,观察了两种不同交配组合:(A组)萍乡肉红鲫(♀)×萍乡肉红鲫(♂)与(B组)萍乡肉 红鲫♀×兴国红鲤♂的受精早期精子入卵的时序,卵子质膜表面和卵子皮层的变化。结果表明,两种不同交配组 合的精子入卵时序、皮层颗粒释放和卵子表面的变化基本类似。同时观察了这两种不同组合的胚胎发育时序,水 温在16℃以上才能正常发育,最适发育水温为20-25℃。结果表明,两种不同组合在出膜时间和胚胎发育的总积 温方面存在差异,水温对胚胎发育的影响很大。

Pingxiang red-transparent crucian carp is a red and transparent mutant discovered from natural rivers in Pingxiang of Jiangxi Province, and has been identified to be triploid by DNA content measurement and chromosome analysis. In this study, the fine structures of chorion, micropyle, sperm entry site and plasma surface of its eggs were observed by SEM and TEM. In the meantime, the time sequence of sperm penetration, changes of the egg surface, cortical reaction, and formation and confusion of female pronucleus and male proucleus were also observed on two different mating groups. Group A is Pingxiang red-transparnt crucian carp（ ♀ ）× Pingxiang red-transparnt crucian carp（♂） ,and group B is Pingxiang red-transparnt crucian carp（♀ ） × Xingguo red comm. on carp（♂ ）. Similar processes on sperm penetration,egg surface change and cortical reaction were observed between the two different mating groups. The process of embryonic development was observed in the two different groups. Embryos can develop normally only above 16℃, and the optimal temperature for the embryonic development ranges from 20℃ to 25 ℃. The data indicate that some differences exist in fertilization rate, hatching time, hatching rate and accumulate-temperature between the two different groups, and the water temperature is a main influence factor on the embryonic development.