汉族与维族Rhesus盒的比较研究

Comparison of Rhesus boxes in Hans and Uighurs

目的研究汉族与维族Rhesus盒的异同及其意义。方法根据RHD基因上游盒、下游盒及杂交盒的DNA序列特异性设计引物,用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物和错配PCR技术检测上游、下游和杂合的Rhesus盒。结果在随机非血缘关系Rh阴性汉族人中61.40%为RHD-/RHD-型,34.21%为RHD+/RHD-型,4.39%为RHD+/RHD+型。而在新疆维吾尔族人中,检测结果分别为94.44%、2.78%和2.78%。其它6份部分少数民族样本均为RHD-/RHD-型。RHD-/RHD-型组和RHD+/RHD-型组中,新疆维吾尔族人的检测结果与汉族人相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在RHD+/RHD+型组,两者相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新疆维吾尔族人Rh血型既有东方人的特点,也有白人的特点,是一个特殊的中华民族,这与人类学研究结果相符。

Objective To study the difference and similarity between Harts and Uighurs in regard to Rhesus box and its significance. Methods The sequence specific primers of upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were designed on the basis of RHD gene sequence. The upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer（PCP-SSP） and mismatched PER. Results The percentage of RHD^-/RHD^- , RHD^＋/RHD^- and RI-ID^＋/RHD^＋ genotypes ascertained in the unwelated Harts with RhD（ - ）were 61.40%,34.21% and 4, 39% respectively, while those in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs with RhD（- ） were 94.44 %, 2.78 % and 2.78 % respectively. Fuithermore, all 6 cases of some other minorities were RHD -/RHD - types. The percentage of RHD^-/RHD^- and RHD^＋/RHD^- genotypes ascertained in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs were significantly higher than those in Chinese Hans （ P 〈 0.01 ）, whereas no statistically significant difference in the percentage of RHD^＋/RDH^＋ genotype between the two groups was observed （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conehlusion The Rh blood group of Uighurs in Xingjiang possesses both Oriental and Caucasian characteristics, which embodies a special ethnical aspect of the Chinese nation and is in accord with the anthropologic research results.