日光温室亚高温对番茄光合作用及叶绿体超微结构的影响

Effects of Daytime Sub-high Temperature on Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Tomato Leaves in Greenhouse

研究了日光温室番茄第1花序第1花开花至开花后30 d,35℃昼间亚高温处理(以25℃为对照)对番茄光合作用及叶片超微结构的影响。结果表明,35℃昼间亚高温条件下,番茄叶片净光合速率降低,气孔限制值减小,叶绿素含量下降,叶片气孔数目明显增多,气孔腔开放程度变大,叶绿体膜受到伤害,基粒数减少,基粒片层结构状态变差,脂滴增多而淀粉粒数目先减少后增多。35℃昼间亚高温对番茄叶片光合作用的影响可能与气孔因素无关。

Tomato plants were dealed with 35℃ sub-high temperature in greenhouse from the first bud of tomato effloresced to 30 days after florescence. The results showed that under the condition of sub-high temperature, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limitation of photosynthesis and the content of chlorophyll of tomato leaves decreased. Uhrastructure of chloroplast was changed. The numbers of stoma increased obviously, and the opening degree of stoma was much larger than the control at 25℃. The envelope of chloroplast was partially injured, the number of grana decreased, and the thylakoids of grana was loose. The number of oil body increased while the starch grain decreased first then increased. Effects of 35℃ sub-high temperature on the photosynthesis of tomato leaves were independent of stoma factors.