大块下颌骨缺损的个体化数字设计及外形与功能重建

INDIVIDUAL DIGITAL DESIGN AND FUNCTIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF LARGE MANDIBULAR DEFECT WITH COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN/COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURE TECHNIQUE

目的利用快速成型与反求技术建立大块下颌骨缺损的外形与功能重建的方法. 方法 2002年4月～2004年8月,大面积下颌骨病变截除术后遗留大块下颌骨缺损患者4例,男1例,女3例,年龄21～42岁.均为二期修复,术前张口度1.8～2.5 cm,平均2.2 cm,均存在开闭口运动偏斜.采用CT数字化图像数据,利用Mimics图像软件和Geomagic Studio曲面重构软件镜像恢复下颌骨缺损区数据及种植体结构设计,快速成型技术制作缺损下颌骨的树脂模型,通过铸造技术制造纯钛修复支架,修复缺损重建功能. 结果术前CT扫描数据可以直接被图像设计软件使用,精密制造出缺损下颌骨的树脂模型和钛支架,并可以设计良好的种植体.术后4例患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访3个月～2年,缺损区面部外形恢复满意,开口度3.0～3.4 cm,平均3.2 cm.咬牙合关系正常,开闭口功能正常无偏斜.1例术后6个月行种植义齿镶复,咀嚼功能恢复良好. 结论利用快速成型与反求技术进行个体化修复大块下颌骨缺损,方法简便,修复精确,可同时修复外形及重建咀嚼功能.

Objective To build up a new contour and functional reconstruction technique of mandibular defects with rapid prototyping and reverse engineering technique. Methods From April 2002 to August 2004, 4 cases of mandibular defects due to resection of large mandible lesion were treated. Of 4 patients, there were 3 females and 1 male, with an age range of 21-42 years, which underwent secondary operation and presented a deviation as mandibular movement. The opening-mouth extent was 1. 8-2. 5 cm（2. 2 cm on average）. The data of defects area were renewed with Mimics and Geomagic Studio software; and the titanium reconstructive frame was designed and manufactured with rapid prototyping technigue. Defect were reconstructed by using CT digital data of patients. Results The CT data could be used by image software directly. The implant design could be completed by computer-aimed design （CAD）/ computer-aided manufacture （CAM）. The resin model and titanium frame were manufactured accurately by RP technique. Four patients achieved one stage healing. After a follow-up of 3 months to 2 years, large mandibular defect was reconstructed satisfactorily and the opening-mouth extent was 3.0-3.4 cm （3. 2 cm on average）. The occluding relation was normal. The implant denture was put on and the mastication function was good in 1 case. Conclusion Individual design and repair of large mandibular defect with CAD/CAM techniques is worth extending application clinically. It is a simple and accurate method.