电脉冲空化参数对镍磷超细合金粉体合成的影响

Effect of Electrospark Cavitation Parameter on Synthesis of Ultrafine Ni-P Powder

采用电脉冲空化成功制备出超细镍磷合金粉体材料.研究了脉冲能量、反应温度和电极间距等工艺因素对镍磷合金粉体尺寸、形貌及收得率的影响.结果表明:镍磷合金粉体粒径可控制在80～500 nm范围内.反应初期,反应形核受脉冲能量(电压和脉冲次数)的控制,镍磷合金粉体颗粒数随脉冲放电能量的增大而增加;随反应时间的延长,脉冲空化导致镍磷合金粉体的反应被激活,溶液中镍磷粉体可自发形核、生长,直至反应完成.镍磷合金粉体颗粒尺寸受形核及长大过程的共同影响.通常,随脉冲电压和脉冲次数的增加、电极间距的减小、反应温度的降低和反应时间的缩短而非线性减小.

The ultrafine Ni-P alloy powder has been prepared by electrospark cavitation technique. The Effect of sparking energy, reaction temperature and electrode distance on the powder size, shape and yield was investigated. The experimental resuhs indicate that Ni-P alloy powder size could be controlled in the range between 80 and 500 nm. In the first stage, the nucleation of Ni-P powder is mainly determined by sparking energy including the sparking voltage and sparking number and the number of Ni-P powder increases with increasing sparking energy. With increasing the reaction time, Ni-P alloy reduction reaction is activated by electrospark cavitation, and the Ni-P alloy powder in solution can nucleate and grow spontaneously. The powder size of the Ni-P alloy was nonlinearly decreased with increasing sparking voltage and sparking numbers, and with decreasing electrode distance, reaction time and temperature.