某胸科医院3年间感染菌的变迁及耐药性研究

PATHOGENS AND THEIR DRUG RESISTANCE OF BACTERIA INDUCING CHEST HOSPITAL.

目的:研究医院内感染的病原菌、耐药性及超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检测。方法:应用常规培养方法检出病原菌,药敏试验用K—B纸片法,根据1999年NCCLS标准判断结果,以双纸片协同试验确定产ESBLs菌株。结果:3年中医院感染菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其中又以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌为主,对所监测的常用抗生素均有不同程度耐药;ESBLs株总阳性率为26.5%,产ESBLs菌株比不产ESBLs菌株、MRSA菌株比MSSA菌株的耐药率明显升高。结论:医院感染菌以革兰阴性菌为主,且耐药性较强,应加强和规范病原菌及药敏监测,科学合理使用抗生素。

Objective： To investigate the distribution on the pathogens in the chest hospital and drug resistance of bacteria and the prevalence of the bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs）. Method： K-B test was used for the antibiotics susceptivity test; the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard （NCCLS） in 1999. All ESBLs-producing strains were confirmed by the double disk test for ESBLs. Results： The hospital pathogens were mainly Gram-nagative bacilli, The first two strains were Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resistance of bacteria were markedly increased. 97 strains isolates of 891 strains Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were ESBLs-producing, the resistance rate of ESBLs-positive strains and MRSA was higher than ESBLs-negative and MSSA strains. Conclusion： The Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens isolated from hospital infection. The resistance of bacteria is increasing. It is very important to investigate the hospital pathogens and drug susceptibility of bacteria. The monitor should he enhanced to give suggestions to rational use of antibiotics.