论自来水产业的管理改革

Management Reform of the Water Supply Industry

自来水产业具有自然垄断性、存在明显的规模经济效益,但是,“政府垄断经营”的体制导致了效率低下和社会福利的损失。管理改革的基本思路包括:开放城市供水领域产权,允许非国有资产进入,以形成较强的所有者约束和有效的公司治理结构;通过获取特许经营权,引入市场竞争,提高供水企业市场反应的敏感性;政府应转换职能,通过特许投标代替进入管制,加强对供水企业的社会管制和价格水平管制。

The water supply industry has natural monopoly and obvious scale economic benefits.The system monopolized by the government has led to the low efficiency and social welfare loss.The basic thoughts of management reform includes: opening the field of the water industry;allowing non-state-owned assets to enter in order to have strong restraint for the owners and effective administration structure for the company;introducing market competition to make water supply enterprises be sensitive to market change;appealing the government to change its function from controlling to making special permit of bid.