太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔获分布及渔场水温浅析

Primary Study on the Distribution of Yellowfin Tuna ( Thunnus albacares) Longline Fishery Catch and the Fishing-ground Environment of the Pacific Ocean

根据收集到的渔获量数据、海水表层温度数据和有关文献资料,应用GIS技术对太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔业进行了定量及定性综合分析。结果表明:太平洋延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼渔场主要分布在20°N—20°S之间的热带太平洋海域,具纬向分布特征。对渔获产量同海表温度的分月统计显示:太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼渔场最适月平均表层水温约28℃～29℃,渔场出现频次为偏态分布型。最后,结合有关文献综合讨论了海表温度、溶解氧含量、海流等环境因子与金枪鱼渔场分布和形成机制的关系。

The yellowfin tuna longline fishery is one of the important fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. According to the collected catch data of the yellowfin tuna, sea surface temperature derived from satellite 3-level production and literatures, the yellowfin tuna longline fishery was analysed quantitatively or qualitatively by using GIS technology. The results showed that the distribution of yellowfin tuna longline fishing-grounds are mainly located in the tropical areas, which are between 20 ° N and 20 ° S. The analysis on the relationship between the catch statistics by month and the average SST indicated that the favorite monthly SST of the yellowfin tuna longline fishing-grounds is 28 ℃-29℃. The frequency distribution style of fishing-grounds is skew frequency distribution. At last, the relationship of the distribution and formation mechanism of fishing-grounds with SST, dissolved oxygen （ DO ）, sea current and other environmental factors were discussed synthetically.