干旱区葡萄园漫灌和滴灌压盐效果比较

Study on salt movement features under flood irrigation and drip irrigation in arid region

针对干旱区葡萄园春季压盐问题,通过对漫灌和滴灌两种不同的压盐方式下土壤剖面不同深度电导率测定,研究比较了两种方式的压盐效果.结果表明,大水漫灌压盐效果显著,在灌水量1 500 m3/hm2时垂直压盐深度达100～120 cm.而滴灌方式压盐时,灌水量为600 m3/hm2即可以在以滴头为中心的水平半径200 cm、深度60 cm的半椭球状土体内形成盐分淡化区,从而满足葡萄生长需要.但要注意如果是长期的滴灌洗盐必然在田间形成条带状的盐分淡化区和集盐区.

In order to restrain salt content of grape land in arid region, an irrigation test between flood irrigation and drip irrigation was carried out to study salt movement in soil and in effect on salt content, determine soil content in different soil profile by conductivity. The result showed that drip irrigation could result in obvious effect of watersaving, when irrigation water supply was 1 500 m^3/hm^2 the salinity moved down deep 100 - 120 cm in soil profile. On the other hand, when salt content was restrained with drip irrigation, the drip irrigation amount was 600 m^3/hm^2, the salinity moved down deep 60 cm in soil profile and horizontal movement to 200 cm on the centre of dripper, in which the soil salinity was restrained beyond the grape root system zone in soil profile. However, there were a low salt content area and a cumulation salt area under the drip irrigation method.