加工番茄种子带菌检测与种子消毒处理试验研究

Study on processing tomato seeds and seeds disinfection treatment

对加工番茄7个品种的种子进行带菌检测和5种药剂的消毒处理结果表明,种子表面携带病菌主要为细菌的假单胞菌(Corynespora cassiicola)和黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestyis),前者带菌率为0.8%～10.8%,后者为0～14.2%,而镰刀菌(Fusarium)、丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)和交链孢菌(Alternaria)等真菌带菌率比细菌稍低.种子内部也带有一定数量的细菌和真菌,但品种间差异较大.47%苗盛(Monceren)(WS)用量0.2%包衣、高锰酸钾200、250倍浸种以及2.5%适乐时(Celest)(FS) 用量0.5% 包衣对加工番茄种子消毒效果最好.田间采用47%苗盛湿拌剂和2.5%适乐时种子包衣剂进行大田示范,防病效果良好.

Pathogens carried on the seeds of 7 varieties of processing tomato were isolated and identified, and 5 fungicides/disinfectants were tested for their potentiai use as seed disinfectant. The major pathogens carried on the surface of seeds were two bacteria： Corynespora casiicola and Xanthomonas campestyis, with percentage infection of 0.8% - 10.8% and 0 - 14.2%, respectively . Other pathogens carried on seed surface were fungi, including species of Fusarium, Rhizoctonia , Alternaria, etc, with lower infection compared with bacteria . These becteria and fungi also existed in the seeds, and exhibited a great variation among tomato varieties . In the laboratory, coating seed with 47%Monceren WS （0.2 kg product per 100 kg seed ） or 2.5%Celest FS （0.5 kg product per 100 kg seed） ,or soaking seeds with 200 x or 250 x potassium permanganate solution gave best result of seed coating with Moncercn and Celest in effectively controlling the diseases caused by these pathogens.