不同等级Wistar大鼠四种脏器病理学检查的差异

Pathologic Testing on Distinct Grate Wistar Rates

目的观察普通级及SPF级正常大鼠主要脏器病理切片,为实验动物饲养环境对动物自身疾病的影响提供重要依据,同时了解目前实验室内动物自发病状况,为病理诊断提供SPF级饲养大鼠自发病组织学改变类型及发生率。方法采用常规病理组织学检查,对40只普通级和40只SPF级Wistar种大鼠肝脏、肾脏及心脏病变进行病理组织学观察(另观察39只普通级40只SPF级大鼠肺脏)。结果普通级与SPF级大鼠均检出自发性感染性病变,且存在较大差异,检出率分别为肝94%、42.5%,肾55%、20%,心22.5%、5%,肺支气管旁淋巴组织增生程度92.31%、62.5%。SPF级大鼠依然存在比较轻微的小灶性感染和非正常组织形态改变。结论SPF级大鼠主要脏器潜在感染明显低于普通级大鼠,因此,动物实验室的规范是非常有必要的。SPF级大鼠感染特点①肝、肺较为明显;②感染检出率较高但病变比较轻微。SPF级大鼠在屏蔽条件下可见非实验因素引起的肺、肝、肾与心脏自发性病理改变,在毒性实验中应与试验引发的特异性病理改变加以区分。

Objectivc To observe spontaneous pathologic change in main organs of conventional （CV） and specific pathogen free（SPF） rats, to provide necessary and important base of raising environment affecting autopathy in test animels, and to get the message of the statue of autopathy in current laboratories, to provide spontaneous pathologic change type and incidence of it for pathologic diagnosis in SPF rats. Methods Routine pathologic examination method was employed to observe tisstle changes in livers, kidneys and hearts of 40 CV rats and 40 SPF rats in addition to 39 CV and 40 SPF rats＇ lungs. Results There were significant difference of autopathy between CV and SPF rats, detection rate was 94% ,42.5% in livers,60%, 22.5% in kidneys,32.5% ,5% in hearts and hyperplasia percentage in the lymphoid tissue around the bronchial tubes of lungs was 92.31% and 62.5% respectively; There were small focus infection and abnormal tissue changes in SPF rats. Conclusion latent infection of main organs is significant lower in SPF rats than in CV rats, so it is necessary to normalize animal laboratory. Characteristics of infection in SPF rats including：①Changes in livers and lungs are obvious,②Pathologieal changes are mild though detection rate is high.SPF rats are raised in barrier system, but non-test factors can cause spontaneous pathologic changes in liver, kidney and heart, and we should distinguish them from special changes caused by test factors.