木屑复合基质的理化性质及其在黄瓜栽培上的效果研究

Physicochemical properties of sawdust-compound substrates and their effect on cucumber cultivation

利用来源广泛且成本低廉的木屑作为主要成分制成不同复合基质,对其理化性质及其栽培黄瓜(CucumissativusL.)的效果进行了研究.结果表明,该复合基质在总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、最大持水量及pH等理化性质方面优于以V(泥炭)∶V(细沙)∶V(珍珠岩)=6∶2∶2制成的复合基质,其中以V(木屑):V(炉渣)=6∶4复合基质及V(木屑)∶V(细沙)V∶(珍珠岩)=6∶2∶2复合基质的综合性状表现较优,尤其是V(木屑)∶V(细沙)∶V(珍珠岩)=6∶2∶2复合基质在栽培黄瓜过程中的保水保肥能力最强,产量表现也最佳,比对照增产29.3%,并且果实在维生素C、可溶性糖、硝酸盐含量等品质指标上与对照无显著差异(P>0.05),是栽培黄瓜较理想的复合基质.

The physicochemical properties of sawdust - compound substrates and their effects on cucumber were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that some physicochemical properties of sawdust - compound substrates were better than those of peat - compound substrate of V （peat） ： V （sand） ： V （perlite） = 6：2：2, such as total porosity, aeration porosity, water content and pH value. Among them, the compound substrate of V （sawdust） ： V （sand） ： V （perlite） = 6：2：2 was the best one, which had the biggest capability of conserving water and fertilizer, and it had got the highest yield increased by 29.3 % compared with the control, but had not significant difference in quality. It suggested that the compound substrate of V （sawdust） ： V （sand） ： V （perlite） = 6：2：2 may be an appropriate substrate for cucumber soilless culture.