词汇语用学及语用充实

Lexical pragmatics and pragmatic enrichment of word meaning,

词语的使用受制于特定的语境,表现为词语的语境语用化现象。话语理解中词语可起到语用触发语的功能,引导人们进行以语境为基础的语用收缩与语用扩充。词义及其所指范围的扩大、延伸或缩小都涉及寻找最佳关联信息的语用充实,而不是静态的原型意义或语码信息的直接再现。这说明词语与结构的使用和理解是一个以语境为基础的语用-认知问题,而不单是语义问题。

As a subdivision of pragmatics, lexical pragmatics aims at giving a systematic a ccount of phenomena that are connected with the semantic underspecification of w ords or expressions. Their linguistically_encoded or prototypical meanings are f ound inadequate in utterance interpretation, thus such meanings need to be narro wed in a more restricted sense or broadened approximately as well as metaphorica lly in a more general sense until their optimal relevance is satisfied in contex t.