波兰语义学派概述

The Poland Semantic School: A review,

以安娜·威尔兹彼卡为代表的波兰语义学派是当今国际自然语义元语言研究领域最具影响的学派之一。他们提出的自然语义元语言研究方法具有简洁性、清晰性、无循环性等特点,为语言、思维和文化研究开辟了广阔前景。本文从五个方面评述该学派:1)“自然语义元语言”理论产生的背景;2)“语义原词”与元语言描写工具;3)NSM研究方法的语义解释力;4)跨文化语义学中的“文化脚本”及其应用;5)对NSM理论的评价。

The Poland Semantic School (PSS) is one of the most influential schools in the s tudy of Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) and has made a great impact on linguistics in the world over the past three decades. The NSM approach, ba sed on red uctive paraphrase and characterized by simplicity, clarity and non_circularity i n semantic analysis, has opened up new vistas for the study of language, thought an d culture. The present paper reviews important studies on the NSM program conduc ted by PSS researchers from the following five perspectives: 1) background of the NS M theory; 2) the proposed semantic primes; 3) semantic explications of NSM appro ach; 4) cultural scripts and their applications; and 5) evaluation of the NSM th eory.