车用492M甲醇发动机的试验研究

Experimental Study on 492M Methanol Automotive Engine

为了开发汽车代用燃料,在车用492QA汽油机的基础上,开发出车用492M甲醇发动机.采用进气预热来保证燃料的雾化效果和混合气的形成质量、缩短暖机时间;采用M90甲醇燃料和PTC加热器来改善甲醇发动机冷起动性能;采用提高压缩比、选配火花塞、调整点火提前角等多项措施来确保甲醇发动机的动力性、燃料经济性、排放性和工作可靠性,注意严格限制发动机缸内最大爆发压力.492QA汽油机和492M甲醇发动机台架性能试验结果表明:采用上述技术措施,可有效地改善车用492M甲醇发动机的起动性、动力性和热效率,最夫功率增加2.4%,最大转矩增加6.2%,摄高热效率增加20.7%,最高排气温度下降9.4%,从而证明车用492M甲醇发动机的开发是成功的.

In order to use methanol as alternative automotive fuel, the basic 492QA automotive gasoline engine was retrofitted to 492M methanol automotive engine. Intake preheating is adopted to improve the mixture formation process and increase the intake temperature. The M90 fuel and PTC heater are used to improve the cold starting performance. And some important technical methods such as increasing compression ratio, selecting suitable spark plug, optimizing the spark timing are employed to improve the power performance and thermal efficiency. The maximum combustion pressure of 492M methanol engine is controlled designedly so as to assure the working reliability. The results from bench test 492M methanol automotive engine show that the power performance and thermal efficiency have been improved effectively, the maximum power, the maximum torque and the maximum effective thermal efficiency increases by 2.4 %, 6.2 % and 20.7 %, respectively. And the maximum exhaust temperature decreases by 9.4 %, which proves that the 492M SI methanol automotive engine has been successfully developed.