水氮运筹对两种穗型冬小麦品种淀粉糊化特性的影响

Effects of Strategy of Irrigation and Nitrogen on Paste Properties of Starch of Two Spike-Type Wheat Cultivars

在大田条件下,对两种穗型冬小麦品种的淀粉糊化特性及其水氮调控效应进行了研究。结果表明:两种穗型品种的高峰粘度与其它参数的相关性最高,尤其是与低谷粘度、最终粘度的相关系数均达0.93以上,可作为衡量淀粉糊化特性的一个重要指标。两品种比较,豫麦66除稀懈值高于豫麦49外,其它指标均低于豫麦49,说明豫麦49淀粉糊化特性好。水氮措施对两品种淀粉糊化特性均具有重要影响。豫麦49各粘度参数的变异系数较高,这有利于栽培调控,改善淀粉品质。就水氮运筹的整体调控效应而言,豫麦66以施氮素300 kg/hm2较好,灌水以灌一水处理较为适宜,而豫麦49氮素运用以150 kg/hm2最好,灌水以灌两水处理比较有效。水氮间存在交互效应,灌水条件不同,所要求的适宜施氮量就存在差异,品种间这种差异表现更为明显。

Field experiment has been conducted to illuminate regulating effects of irrigation and nitrogen on paste traits of starch of two spike-type wheat cultivars. The results indicated that the correlation coefficients were highest between PV and other parameters,especially the correlation coefficients were more than 0. 93 between PV and TV,FV,which showed that PV was a important index in weighing paste traits of starch. By comparison of two cuhivars,BD of Yumai 49 was lower than that of Yumai66,the other parameters of Yumai49 were higher,which suggested that paste traits of starch of Yumai 49 was better. Strategy of irrigation and nitrogen had a strong effect on paste properties of starch of two spike-type wheat cultivars,and variation coefficients of Yumai 49 were higher, which was good to regulate to improve starch quality. In general,treatment with 300 kg/hm^2 N was better,irrigation treatment with one application was proper in management of water and nitrogen for Yumai66,but treatment with 150 kg/hm^2 N was best,irrigation treatment with two applications was effective for Yumai 49. Experiment also suggested that there was interaction between irrigation and nitrogen, paste traits of starch can be improved by applied nitrogen according to irrigation .the difference was significant between two spike-type wheat eultivars.