治理公路超载超限运输的长效机制和对策研究

Research on long-term solution mechanism and counter-measure to overload and oversize transportation of highway

为建立治理超载超限运输的长效机制,首先建立了运输企业收入的计量模型,分析了企业利润与运输价格、运输成本、超载罚款等变量之间的互动关系及企业获得最大利润的条件。在此基础上,针对中国道路货运市场结构的特点,从理性经济人的角度,对运输企业在“惩罚博弈”下可能的行为选择进行了研究;其次结合美国治理超载超限运输的经验,分析了不同执法强度和执法密度组合的执法策略及其适用条件、执法效果等,对中国治理超载超限运输提出了解决方案和具体的政策建议,对中国治理超载超限运输具有指导意义。

For establishing long-term mechanism to solve overload and oversize transportation, authors firstly established a mathematic model to evaluate transportation enterprise＇s income, and analysed relation between profit and price, transportaion cost, and fine because of overload. And then,authors analysed how an enterprise could earn the biggest profit. On the basis of reviewing characteristics of Chinese freight transportation market, authors analysed possible behavior choice of transportation operator according to game theory. Learning experience of solution to overload and oversize transportation from United States, authors analysed 4 enforcement measures, and their characteristics and effects. Authors gave advice to Chinese situation on the basis of analysis above. In order to promote performance of solution to overload, suggestions on government regulation and economic measure were stated at the end of the paper and it would play an active role on overload and oversize transportation.