关于城乡统筹推进过程中若干问题的思考

My Thought on Several Problems Arising in the Process of Overall Planning Rural and Urban Development

城乡统筹,要求以政府行为为主导,通过统筹方式处理好新时期城乡关系,实现城乡、工农协调发展。对城乡统筹过程中出现的新情况和新问题,要善于观察、认真分析,调整政策思路。从此角度出发,本文对城乡统筹中出现的新情况和新问题进行了梳理,并提出了相应的对策措施。首先,城乡统筹具有明显的阶段性特征,初级阶段重点应该是支持产业的发展,主要注重效率,经济发展实力进一步增强后,城乡统筹的重点则是调整国民收入分配格局,更加注重社会公平。其次,统筹城乡经济社会发展,除了要关注劳动力流动现象外,更要关注产业转移问题,实现劳动力大范围流动向产业大区域、大规模转移过渡,使产业转移与区域经济发展结合起来,这是重要的制度创新。第三,工业化、城市化、农业现代化构成了现代化的主题,在城乡统筹过程中,要特别重视农业现代化短腿的问题,努力做到工业化、城市化和农业现代化协调发展。第四,统筹城乡发展决不能以牺牲资源作为经济粗放增长的代价。第五,要高度重视农村公共品的供给,政府应义不容辞地承担起农村义务教育、公共卫生等公共品供给,促进农村社会事业健康发展。第六,要消除二元经济社会结构障碍,实现城乡制度大同,必须通过大量过渡性中间制度安排,逐步实现。全文在分析了上述推进城乡统筹过程中六个方面问题的基础上,认为推进城乡统筹必须坚持政府是推动城乡统筹的主体、产业是城乡统筹发展的基础、改革是城乡统筹发展的动力、循序渐进是统筹城乡的客观规律的发展理念。

Overall planning rural and urban development (OPRAUD) requires that, guided by the government behavior, and by means of a package plan, we must handle well in the present period the relationship between town and country to realize the coordinated growth of cities and villages as well as the development of industries and agricultures.We should be adept in observing and earnest in analyzing new circumstances and problems that appear in the process of uniform planning, and should timely adjust our thought on policies. From this point of view, we have, in this article, straightened out the above-mentioned circumstances and problems, analyzed the six problems that have arisen in the process of pushing OPRAUD, and presented the concept that, in propelling OPRAUD, we must persevere in it that the government is the main body; that the industry is the foundation in developing OPRAUD; reform is the motive force thereof; and that advancing step by step is one of its objective laws.