知识三分法在儿童发展与教育中的意义(英文)

Meaning of the knowledge three-part method in Children'sdevelopment and education

目的:根据儿童获取知识的方式对知识进行分类,探讨合适的认知教育方式。方法:从认知心理学角度,根据儿童获得和掌握知识的特点,对知识进行归纳和比较。结果:提出了记忆、理解和体验三类知识划分的概念、获取方式和特征。①记忆类知识的掌握主要依赖于单纯的识记,较少涉及理解和经验,具有很强的继承性和传播性。②理解类知识的掌握主要依赖于逻辑,记忆处于相对次要的地位,也具有可继承性和可传播性。③体验类知识的掌握在很大程度上依赖于经验或体验,以及在体验基础上的感悟。记忆和逻辑思维仅处于相对次要的位置,具有非继承性和非传播性。结论:记忆、理解和体验三类知识的增长均与儿童年龄的增长相关。其中体验类知识不能通过传统的课堂教学和教材来获得,对这类知识的特性与学习掌握方式的探讨于儿童的健康成长和知识扩展尤为重要。

AIM：To classify the knowledge according to the way the children acquire knowledge and probe into the proper cognitive educational style. METHODS：Knowledge was summed up and compared from cognitive psychology according to the characters children obtain and master knowledge. RESULTS： Concept, acquire style and characters of memorizing, understanding and experiencing three kinds of knowledge were proposed. ① To master the memorizing-like knowledge depends mainly on simple memory, few related to understanding and experiencing, with strong inheriting and propagating features. ② To master understanding-like knowledge mainlydepends on the logic , and memorizing was relatively secondary , also with inheriting and propagating. ③To master experiencing-like knowledge to a large scale depends on experience as well as the feeling based on experience. Memorizing and logical thinking were of secondary importance with un-inheriting and non-propagating features. CONCLUSION： lncrease in knowledge of memorizing, understanding and experiencing are all related to the increasing of age of Children. Experiencing cannot be obtained through the traditional classroom teaching and textbook. Exploration of the characters and the grasping style of three kinds of knowledge are of great significance for the children to healthily grow and expand their knowledge.