水稻种胚愈伤组织增殖力的形态学和组织学研究(英文)

Morphological and Histological Analyses on Growth Ability of Seed-callus in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

对高愈伤组织增殖力品种Aikoku和低愈伤组织增殖力品种Moritawase进行了形态学和组织学的观察。在相同的培养条件下2品种表现出不同的形态和组织学特征,证实了基因型对愈伤组织增殖的作用。Aikoku的愈伤组织颜色淡黄、增殖较快,而Moritawase的愈伤组织则呈褐色且增殖速度慢。组织学的观察表明,Aikoku的种胚盾片上皮组织以及由上皮细胞起源的愈伤组织的细胞分裂活性高于Moritawase;而且在上述2个品种中还观察到不同的细胞分化类型,在Aikoku的愈伤组织中观察到了带有表皮状结构的圆形细胞块,而在Moritawase的愈伤组织中却观察到了根状结构。在本研究中还观察到Aikoku中起源于中胚轴和盾片维管束的愈伤组织表现出与盾片上皮细胞起源愈伤组织不同的细胞学特征。

Differences in morphological and histological processes of callus growth from rice seed were studied using cultivar Aikoku and Moritawase, with high and low callus growth ability respectively. Under the same culture condition, morphological and histological differences between the two cultivars on callus growth were found, indicating the genotypic effects for callus growth. Morphologically, the cultivar Aikoku showed a higher callus growth rate and produced a bright yellowish callus,while the callus derived from cultivar Moritawase had a low growth rate and brown color. Histologically, the activity of cell division in scutellar epithelium and callus cluster derived from it was higher in cultivar Aikoku than Moritawase. Moreover different types of differentiation in the epithelial callus were observed, the root-like structures and globular cell clusters with epidermis-like structure were found in the calli of cultivar Moritawase and Aikoku respectively. Different types of callus were also developed from different tissue portions of embryo. The callus derived from mesocotyl and vascular bundle of scutellum showed different cellular characteristics from scutellar epithelial callus in cultivar Aikoku.