鱼类消化道菌群的作用与影响因素研究进展

Study on the Effects and Influencing Factors of Microflora in the Digestive Tract of Fish

微生态学在鱼类中的研究较在哺乳动物中的研究深度有较大差距。本文介绍了鱼类消化道菌群对鱼类的营养作用、免疫作用,对病原菌入侵的拮抗作用和自身的致病作用;介绍了水体中的微生物、盐度、水温,鱼类摄食的饵料、药物,鱼类不同的生理状态和发育阶段对鱼类消化道菌群的影响;并认为鱼类早期发育阶段肠道菌群的演替、肠道菌群的免疫机理和利用肠道菌群进行环境监测等是今后鱼类肠道微生态学的重要研究方向。

The research on the microecology of fish was much less in-depth than that on mammalian. This paper showed the effect of microflora in fish digestive tract on fish nutrition, immunity, antagonistic effect for pathogenic microbes inbreaking and diseas causing in itself. It also showed that effect of microorganism in water, salinity and temperature of water, feed, drugs, various fish physiologic status and developmental stages on microflora in fish digestive tract. The paper showed that the microbial succession in digestive tract on early fish development, and the immune mechanism of microflora, and utilizing microflora in digestive tract for environmental surveillance were the important study subjects of microecology in fish digestive tract in future.