降雨入渗条件下边坡岩体饱和非饱和渗流计算

Numerical analysis of saturated-unsaturated seepage problem of rock slope under rainfall infiltration

简要分析了连续介质饱和非饱和渗流数学模型,并讨论了渗流有限元计算中的有关问题,同时研究了降雨入渗机理及模拟方法,在此基础上编写了非饱和渗流程序SUSC。运用该程序模拟了某边坡降雨过程渗流场的变化情况。计算结果表明,在降雨入渗作用下边坡顶部迅速被饱和,随后表面雨水逐渐向边坡深部下渗,形成从坡顶往深部压力水头等值线由高(零)→低→高的封闭现象。随着降雨的继续,边坡顶部负压区进一步缩小,且负压绝对值减小。降雨结束后,由于上部地下水的继续下渗,在边坡的一定范围、一定时间内压力水头继续升高。根据计算结果可知,局部地方的压力水头最高值出现在降雨结束2d左右,往后整个边坡非饱和区地下水压力水头全面下降,逐渐恢复原状。模拟结果总体可靠,可作为边坡稳定性分析评价及边坡排水加固的参考依据。同时表明,运用上述饱和非饱和渗流模型及降雨模拟方法,计算降雨条件下边坡岩体的渗流场是可行的。

Based on the theory of continuous medium, a saturated-unsaturated seepage mathematical model is presented. The method of calculating unsaturated seepage field by FEM and the mechanism of rainfall infiltration and the rainfall simulation are proposed. Unsaturated seepage program SUSC is compiled based on above theory. Through the analysis of seepage field in a slope under rainfall infiltration, results show that the deeper as well as surface of slope are saturated rapidly due to rainfall, and surface water infiltrated to the deeper under slope. Pressure water head changes from high （zero） to low, then to high again through top to deep. The area of negative pressure water head decreased gradually due to rainfall and the absolute value of negative pressure water head reduces at the same time. The pressure water head keeps on increasing for 1 to 2 days owing to groundwater infiltration wt^en the end of rainfall in some areas of slope. According to calculation results, maximal pressure water head in some areas of slope appears after two days when rainfall finished. Simulation results show that the model and program are reasonable; and it is of great importance in application to analyzing stability, designing drainage and reinforcing slooe engineering.