水稻多倍化的诱导技术研究

Studies on Polyploidizing Induction Technique in Rice

利用8份常规水稻品种、4份光温敏核不育水稻以及由其配制的32份杂种F1群体和32份杂种F2群体为诱导材料,采用种芽诱导加倍法进行多倍化诱导.研究结果表明,利用常规水稻品种和光温敏核不育水稻品系为诱导材料,其多倍化(同源四倍体)的诱导频率均很低(0.2%～1.2%);利用杂种F1群体为材料经过多倍化诱导和筛选后获得的诱导效果较好(2.0%～5.5%);利用杂种F2群体为材料经过多倍化诱导和筛选后获得的诱导效果最好(6.2%～12.0%).同源四倍体水稻结实率的表现与其二倍体原始材料的类型存在一定的相关性,在水稻多倍化过程中以基因处于分离和重组状态的杂种F2群体为诱变材料有利于获得结实率比较高的同源四倍体水稻.

76 diploid rice materials （2n = 2x = 24）, including 8 conventional rice varieties, 4 photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male-sterile lines （PFGML）, 32 F1 hybrids and their F2 segregating populations were induced to polyploidy by the seed-bud method. The results showed that the induction frequency of polyploidy （autotetraploidy） was very low （0.2% 1.2% ） when the 8 inbred varieties and the 4 PTGMLs were used as inducing materials, relatively high （2.0% 5.5 % ） when the F1 hybrids used as inducing materials, and highest （6.2% - 12.0% ） when the F2 segregating populations used as inducing materials. Furthermore, there was an obvious correlation between the seed-setting percentage of the induced autotetraploid rice plants and the type of their original diploid parents. It was found that it was much easier to acquire autotetraploid rice with higher seed-setting percentage when F2 populations, whose genes are in segregation and recombination, were used as inducing materials.