内蒙古翁牛特旗46年气候变化规律分析

Climate Changes in a Period of 46 Years in Wengniute Banner,Inner Mongolia

本文分析了翁牛特旗46年(1957-2002年)逐月降水量和平均气温。结果表明:气温呈非连续增暖趋势,其中年平均气温线性变化率为0.39℃.(10a)-1,年平均最高气温线性变化率为0.19℃.(10a)-1,年平均最低气温线性变化率为0.93℃.(10a)-1;最低气温上升速率是最高气温的1-4倍,气温日较差显著减小。上世纪60年代较50年代有所增暖,80年代后期开始明显升温,90年代是近50年来最暖的10年。1987年开始转暖,其后呈连续性增暖趋势,1998年为1957年以来的最暖年,年平均气温7.7℃,高于1957年2.9℃。降水以平均5-7年的周期变化,并从50年代到90年代呈连续性递减趋势,线性变化率为-11.7mm.(10a)-1,90年代较50年代年降水减少了39.4mm。

In this paper, the rainfall and the average temperature of every month of 46 years （from 1957 to 2002） in Wengniute were analyzed. The temperature was becoming warmer with fluctuations, and linear -change-rate of annual average temperature was 0. 39℃·（10a）^-1 , that of annual average maximum temperature 0. 19 ℃·（10a）^-1, and that of annual average minimum temperature was 0. 93 ℃·（10a）^-l. The increased rate of annual minimum temperature was 1--4 times of that of annual maximum temperature, and the daily temperature difference decreased obviously. 1960s was slightly warmer than 1950s. The temperature rose obviously in late 1980s, and 1990s was the warmest period during the past 50 years. The climate began to change warmer in 1987, and later on, average temperature increased continuously. 1998 was the warmest year in the period from 1957 to 2002, the annual temperature was 7.7℃, 2.9℃ higher than that of 1957. The rainfall changed periodically with a period of 5--7 years, and a continuous decreasing tendency, with a linear-change-rate-11.7 mm · （10a）^-1 , during 1950s --1990s could be detected. Compared with that of 1950s, the annual rainfall of 1990s decreased by 39. 4mm.