实现可持续城市水资源管理的系统途径

A System Approach Towards Sustainable Management of Urban Water Resources

城市水资源是一个复杂的系统,系统内部各个子系统之间,系统与它所处的环境之间以及各相关利益集团之间都存在密切的联系。本文阐述了城市水资源的系统特征以及当前管理中存在的问题,认为缺乏对水资源系统特征的认识进而缺乏系统的管理,是造成目前管理低效的重要原因。在可持续发展模式的倡导下,本文针对城市水资源系统各要素的相互关系来寻求一条可持续管理的途径,提出了一个可持续的城市水资源管理框架,并对管理的规划与实施中的各个主要环节以及管理的途径进行了分析,认为实现可持续的城市水资源管理不仅应对城市水资源系统各部分的管理进行优化,还应以系统的途径,在一个更大的流域管理背景下综合考虑一切影响因素。

The urban water resources are a complex systems. There have complicated correlations between the systems and its background as well as among the sub-systems within itself, and also among all the stakeholders. This paper shows the systematic features of urban water system and the problems in the current management, and indicates that the lack of cognition on urban water system and the scarcity of system approach to management are the key reasons for low efficiency. Under the calling for sustainable development, this paper seeks for a sustainable approach and a framework of sustainable urban water management is proposed with the analysis of the activities and issues on the sustainable urban water management within planning and management implementation stages. This paper indicates that sustainable urban water management can not be enforced only by optimizing section management in a single city, but rather requires the consideration in the context of watershed management integrated all factors based on a system approach.