地下水生态需水量的估算方法及其恢复问题的研究

Studies on the Estimation Methods of Water Demand for Groundwater Eco-environment and its Restoration Problems

本文以石家庄市为背景,对地下水生态环境需水量和补给来源等一系列问题进行了研究探讨,提出了生态环境需水量的计算方法,给出了降雨入渗、河道与湖泊等地表水体入渗补给量的估算方法.并在采补平衡的原则上,对石家庄地下水生态环境恢复问题进行了研究.结果表明:石家庄地下水生态环境问题十分严重.既使恢复期是30年时间,该地区允许开采量也只能在4.20～7.76亿m3/a左右,它比石家庄市目前平均的开采量9.51亿m3/a还小.这样,在目前的开采程度下,如果没有外来水的补充,恢复石家庄的地下水生态环境问题是相当困难的.

In this paper, taking Shijiazhuang city as an example, some questions of the water demand for the groundwater eco-environment are discussed. A method for calculating water demand of the groundwater eco-environment is proposed, and a method to estimate the infiltration water from rain, river, lake and reservoir is given. Therefore, on the balance principle of groundwater exploitation and infiltrationwater, the restoring problem of the groundwater eco-environment was studied. The results show that the eco-environmental state of the groundwater is very serious in Shijizhuang. If the recovery time is 30 years, the groundwater exploitation is only about 4.20～7.76 × 10^8m^3 per annum, it is less than the annual mean exploitation 9.51×10^8m^3 at present. Then, in the current exploitation degree, it is very difficult to renewal the groundwater eco-environment if not having the infiltration water supply from other river basins in Shiiiazhuang.