制备工艺对亚麻增强聚丙烯复合材料拉伸性能的影响

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MANUFACTURE TECHNOLOGY ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF FLAX FIBER REINFORCED PP COMPOSITE

以亚麻纤维为增强体,与聚丙烯(PP)长丝进行丝束级共混,形成PP包覆亚麻的纱线结构,利用机织工艺织成二维机织布,作为复合材料的预制件。采用层合热压方法制备PP/亚麻复合材料板材。通过对板材拉伸性能测试及扫描电镜(SEM)拉伸断口形貌分析,研究了不同纤维体积分数、织造密度及织造组织等因素对复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,在选取最优热压温度与压力的条件下,纤维体积分数为50%的板材性能最优;经向密度相同时,拉伸性能随着纬向密度的增加而提高;经、纬向密度均相同时,斜纹3/1组织的板材性能最优,纬向最大拉伸强度可达92.42 MPa。

Polypropylene （PP） was commingled with flax fiber reinforcing material to realize the mixture of two materials at the stage of yarn. The commingled yarn was used to weave fabrics as the fabricated parts to make PP/flax composites. The composite laminates were prepared by hot-pressing technology. The effets of fiber volume fraction, woven density and fabric structure on tensile properties of composites were studied through analyzing the tensile test results and the fracture surface SEM micrographs. The results showed that the mechanical properties of composite laminates with 50% fiber volume fraction were the best after chosen the optimal hot-pressing temperature and pressure. The tensile properties increased with the increasing of woven density in fill direction when the woven density in warp direction was same. The tensile properties of composites with twill structure 3/1 were the best and the max tensile strength was 92.42 MPa in fill direction when the woven densities were identical in both fill and warp directions.