小麦日粮非淀粉多糖和木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡肠道微生物区系的影响

Effects of Wheat NSP and Xylanase on Intestinal Microbial Population and Microbial Diversity in Broilers

采用传统微生物培养和PCR-DGGE 2种方法,针对肠道内几种微生物的数量和优势菌的多样性进行研究。将90只AA肉仔鸡随机分成3组,分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型,小麦-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型添加木聚糖酶3种日粮。结果表明,小麦非淀粉多糖有增加肠道内几种微生物数量的趋势,其中显著增加了回肠和盲肠厌氧菌总数以及盲肠粪链球菌数量(P<0.05),而PCR-DGGE结果表明,小麦NSP改变了肠道内微生物的种群结构,降低了种群的数量(P<0.05)。添加木聚糖酶对回肠和盲肠的微生物数量以及种群数量有影响,但未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。说明小麦非淀粉多糖作为微生物发酵的底物对肠道厌氧微生物产生了增殖效应,但却抑制了其他微生物的生长,导致肠道内微生物结构发生改变。

Effects of wheat NSP and xylanase on intestinal microflora and bacterial community in broilers were determined by traditional method and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA. 90 AA broilers were allocated randomly into 3 groups, fed 3 diets separately. The diets were corn based, wheat-based or wheat-based supplemented with xylanase. The results showed that the wheat NSP significantly increased （P〈0.05） the microbial population of total anaerobic bacteria in cecum or ileum and increased （P〈0.05） the streptococcus faecalis in cecum of broilers. However, the wheat NSP significantly decreased （P〈0.05） the bacterial community in intestine of broilers. The xylanase-supplemented diet had no markedly effect （P〉0. 05） on microbial population and bacterial community in cecum and ileum of broilers.