小句内句法结构:《语法调查研究手册》节选

Syntactic structure in the clause:Excerpts from A Handbook for Grammatical Investigation and Research

本文节选自刘丹青正在编著的<语法调查研究手册>.全书以Comrie & Smith(1977)的<语言描写问卷>(Lingua Descriptive Studies:Questionnaire)(吴可颖初译、刘丹青重译)的内容为纲目(文中5号字),对此详加说明举例(文中小5号字),汇而成书,将由上海教育出版社纳入沈家煊教授主编的"最新国外语言学理论译介丛书"出版.Comrie等的问卷在总结以往广泛的语言调查研究经验的基础上,提供一份调查描写各种语言方言都能用的语法项目汇总.我们通过说明举例来引介此问卷的语法描写框架,以期将国内的古今汉语及民族语言的语法描写研究与国际上的语法描写进一步沟通.这里先行发表其节选,欢迎学者和读者批评指正,以利正式出版前改进.本节选讨论小句结构内的几种主要成分和结构关系,属于句法最核心的部分.另有些章节见于<当代语言学>、<民族语文>、<语言科学>等,可参看.

This paper comprises excerpts fromA Handbook for Grammatical Investigation and Research that is being written for Chinese readers. It aims to bridge up the gap between domestic terminology and framework for the study of Chinese and other languages spoken in China on the one hand, and international terminology of contemporary linguistics on the other. It does so by interpreting and exemplifying Comrie and Smith’s (1977) questionnaire for linguistic description. These excerpts focus on the basic syntactic structure in the clause, discussing concepts like subject, object (direct or indirect), predicate, copular, predicative, complement, attributive and adverbial.