陕西秦巴山区漆树分布特征研究

On Distribution and Characteristic of Chinese Lacquer Trees over Qinba Mountainous Area in Shaanxi Province

采用分区位设立调查样地,统计样地内漆树数量、漆树幼树、成龄树和衰老树数量比例的方法,对陕西省秦巴山区天然漆树分布范围、密度、长势等状况进行了调查.结果表明,陕西秦巴山区天然漆树资源垂直集中分布,秦岭北坡以海拔1 280～2 000 m、秦岭南坡以海拔1 600～1 900m、巴山北坡以海拔1 300～2 360 m范围内密度最大,随纬度降低,漆树垂直集中分布的范围加大,且海拔增高.陕西秦巴山区调查区域现有漆树资源中平均幼树387.84万株,占漆树总株数36.38%,成龄树421.81万株,占39.58%,衰败树261.05万株,占24.48%.漆树自然分布密度秦岭北坡平均9.820 4株·hm-2、秦岭南坡10.354 7株·hm-2、巴山北坡11.499 7株·hm-2,密度由北向南逐渐增大.

The distribution, density and the vitality of the natural Chinese lacquer trees over Qinba mountainous areas in Shaanxi Province were investigated by area districting, survey place setting, the respective statistics of the amount and the quantity proportion of the young, the mature and the decrepit, and the status of the Chinese lacquer trees resources were revealed. The natural Chinese lacquer trees over Qinba mountainous areas in Shaanxi Province were distributed vertically and concentratedly. The dense distributions were focused on the elevations of 1 280-2 000 meters in the north slope of Qinling, 1 600-1 900 meters in the south, and 1 300-2 360 meters in the north of Bashan. The range of vertical distribution widened with the lowering of the latitude and ascending of the elevation. For the number of natural Chinese lacquer trees,the total of the young growth was 387.84 ten thousands, accounts for ：36. 38%, the mature was 421.81 ten thousands, 39.58 % and the decrepit was 261.05 ten thousands, 24.48% . The density of Chinese lacquer trees was 9. 820 4/hm^2 in the north slope of Qinling, 10. 354 7/hm^2 in the south slope , and 11. 499 7/hm^2 in the north of Bashan, which was increased gradually from north to south.