开封市社区2734名健康成年居民饮食结构及人体质量指数与血脂的关系

Relationship of body mass index and dietary structure with blood lipid level in 2 734 healthy residents in communities of Kaifeng city

目的:通过调查、检测开封市社区居民身高、体质量、饮食情况和血脂各项指标,探讨体质量指数和饮食结构与血脂的关系。方法:随机抽取2003-07/2004-07开封市社区20岁以上健康居民2734例。其中男1432例,女1302例,年龄20～80岁。①调查既往病史、吸烟史、饮食及生活习惯,并测身高、体质量、血压及心率等。②禁食12h以上,次日清晨静息状态下抽取空腹静脉血2mL,检测血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。结果:2734例被调查对象全部进入结果分析。①血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇随体质量指数增加而升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇随体质量指数增加而下降。②血脂水平的变化与饮食结构的改变:按膳食结构和生活行为分为两组,Ⅰ组为1637例,人均每日热量和蛋白质摄入量达到中国营养学会建议的每日摄入量的111%和145%,脂肪占热量的38.7%,动物性食物平均每日350g以上,谷类食物、蔬菜摄入量较少,Ⅱ组为1097例,基本保持中国传统膳食模式。Ⅰ组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显高于Ⅱ组[(4.97±1.31),(4.14±1.16)mmol/L;(1.30±0.94),(0.94±0.48)mmol/L;(3.28±1.36),(2.74±1.1)mmol/L,P<0.005～0.01],高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显低于Ⅱ组[(1.22±0.38),(1.41±0.35)mmol/L,P<0.05]。结论:肥胖和高脂类、高动物性食物摄入过多均可导致脂代谢的异常,体质量指数与总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白水平呈负相关。

AIM： To investigate the relationship of body mass index（BMI） and dietary structure with blood lipid level by surveying and detecting the body height, body mass, diet and blood in the residents from communities in Kaifeng city, Henan Province. METHODS： From July 2003 to July 2004, 2 734 residents elder than 20 years old selected from communities in Kaifeng City.There were 1 432 males and 1 302 females among the 2 734 subjects, aged from 20 to 80 years, ①Their past history of diseases, history of smoking, diet and life habit were investigated, and their body height, body mass, blood pressure and heart rate were measured. ②Afier they were fasting for more than 12 hours, the venous blood 2 mL was drawn under calm breath in the next morning to detect the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）. RESULTS： All the 2 734 subjects were analyzed in the result. ①he levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C were increased with the increase of BMI, and HDL-C was decreased with the increase of BMI. ②Changes of lipid level and alteration of dietary structure： The residents were divided into two groups according to their dietary structure and life behavior, 1 637 subjects in group Ⅰ , their per capita daily intake of energy and protein reached 111% and 45% of daily intake advised by Chinese Nutrition Society, fat accouted for 38.7% of the energy, average daily amount of animal foodstuff was over 350 g and the intake of cereal food and vegetable was a little; 1097 in Group Ⅱ, they all kept the traditional Chinese dietary mode. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C were significantly in group Ⅰ than in group Ⅱ [（4.97±1.31） moL/L vs （4.14±1.16） mol/L, （1.30±0.94） moL/L vs （0.94±0.48） mol,/L, （3.28±1.36） moL/L vs （2.74±1.1） mol,/L, P 〈 0.005 to 0.01], and the level of HDL-C was significantly lower in the former group than in the latter group[（1.22±0.38） moL/L vs （1.41±0.35） mol,/L, P 〈 0.05], CONCLUSION： Obesity and the intake of high fat and high animal of foodstuff can all induce the abnormality of lipid metabolism. BMI is in a positive association with the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C, and in a negative association with the level of HDL-C.