6个板栗品种的花粉形态及发芽特性

The pollen morphology and sprouting characteristics of 6 Chinese chestnut varieties

以6个板栗品种的雄花序为试验材料,从花粉形态、发芽率和贮藏时间3个方面研究了板栗花粉的发育.结果表明,板栗花粉呈椭圆形,短轴平均长12.12 μm,长轴平均长17.6 μm;板栗花粉在10%蔗糖培养基中培养,发芽效果较好,加入0.1%硼酸或0.1%磷酸二氢钾,均对花粉发芽和花粉管伸长有明显促进作用,但两者同时加入,则有明显抑制作用;在25～35 ℃之间培养,板栗花粉发芽率随温度的升高而增加,35 ℃时,广西油栗花粉发芽率最高,达到47.11%,陀栗为39.92%;阳山油栗花粉在5 ℃低温下贮藏,发芽率随贮藏时间延长而提高,贮藏20 d时,发芽率达到最高,之后又逐渐降低.

This study investigates the morphology, sprouting rates and duration of preservation of the pollens of six Chinese chestnut varieties, namely, Nongda No. 1 chestnut, double-season chestnut, Guangxi oil chestnut, Yangshan oil chestnut, Tuo chestnut and Heyuan oll chestnut. Results showed that Chinese chestnut pollens were oval-shaped, the mean length of minor axis was 12. 12μm and that of the major axis 17. 6μm. Concentrations of sucrose solution added to the substrate significantly affected pollen sprouting ratesl with 10% sucrose solution most favorable for chestnut pollen sprouting. Either 0. 1% boric acid solution or 0. 1% potassium dlhydrogen phosphate solution boosted pollen sprouting and pollen tube growth, but the two solutions used together obviously restrained the sprouting and tube growth. In the range of 25 ℃ and 35 ℃, the sprouting rates of chestnut pollens increased with temperature. At 35 ℃, the sprouting rate of Guangxi oil chestnut pollens was up to 47. 11%, the highest among all the chestnut varieties, and that of Tuo chestnut pollens reached 39.92%. The sprouting rates of Yangshan oll chestnut pollens preserved at 5 ℃ increased with the duration of preservation, hit the highest value on the 20th day and dropped gradually afterwards.