陕西产秦艽的化学成分研究

Studies on the chemical constituents in root of Gentiana macrophylla from Shaanxi

目的:对陕西产秦艽Gentiana macrophylla根的化学成分进行系统研究。方法:利用多种色谱手段对秦艽的脂溶及水溶部分进行分离;用UV,IR,MS,1H-,13C-NMR等技术及对照品对照进行鉴定。结果:鉴定了8个化合物,其中脂溶部位4个,分别是:5-羧基-3,4-二氢-1H-2-苯并吡喃-1-酮(5-carboxyl-3,4-dihydrogen-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one1),红白金花内酯(erythrocentaurin 2),栎瘿酸(roburic acid 3),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid 4)。水溶部位4个:龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside 5),獐牙菜苦苷(swertiamarine 6),獐牙菜苷(sweroside 7),6′-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷(6′-O-β-D-gluco-sylgentiopicroside 8)。结论:1为新化合物,命名为红白金花酸,2为首次从本属植物中分得,8为首次从秦艽中分得。

Objective： To in vestigate the constituents in root of Gentiana macrophylla. Method： Various column chromatographic techniques were used for isolation and purification of the principles. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data （UV, IR, MS, ^H-, ^13C-NMR etc. ） and identified by comparing with standard substance. Result： Eight compounds were identified. Four compounds isolated from the chloroform fraction are： 5-carboxyl-3,4-dihydrogen-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one （1）, erythrocentauric acid （2）, mburic acid （3）, oleanolic acid （4）. Water fraction gave four known secoiridoid glucosides. They were： gentiopicroside （5）, swertiamarine （6）, sweroside （7）, 6′-O-β-D-glucosylgentiopicroside （8）. Conclusion： 1 is a novel compound. It was named as erythrocentauric acid. 2 was isolated from genus Gentiana and 8 was isolated from G. macrophylla for the first time.