人体下肢有限元动力学分析模型的建立和验证

Development and Validation of a FE Model of Lower Extremity for Dynamics Analysis

为了研究行人碰撞事故中人体下肢的生物力学响应和损伤机理,建立了一个人体下肢有限元模型.模型按人体解剖学结构建立,由髋骨、股骨、胫骨、腓骨、膑骨、足骨、韧带、腱、关节囊以及髋关节、膝关节和踝关节构成.采用了壳单元和线性弹簧-阻尼单元来模拟骨骼和软组织.模型的边界和载荷条件根据汽车行人侧碰撞实验条件确定.通过比较仿真和实验在横向碰撞载荷条件下的剪切、弯曲响应结果,验证了模型的生物逼真度.分析了在不同加载条件下有限元模型的生物力学响应和应力分布,以及与下肢损伤风险的关系。

A finite dement （FE） model of lower extremity was devdoped to investigate the biomechanical responses and injury mechanisms of the lower extremity to a lateral bumper impact in car-pedestrian accidents. The model consisted of the pelvis, the femur, the tibia, the fibula, the patella, the foot bones, tendons, capsules, and ligaments, as well as hip, knee and ankle joints. The anatomy geometry, mass distribution and material properties of the model were based on available biomechanical data. The model was constructed using shell and linear spring-damper dements. The validity of the model was evaluated by using experimental data. In FE modeling of lower extremity impact responses, the boundary and loading conditions were defined in accordance with the configuration of a car-pedestrian lateral collision. The influence of impact location on injury risks and shearing and bending injury mechanisms were analyzed in terms of the stress and strain distribution to validate the biofidelity of the model.