形状记忆合金在螺栓联接防断中应用

Research of SMA used in the screw-thread connection with anti-breaking

分析螺栓联接断裂原因,提出利用形状记忆合金的特殊功能解决该类问题的方法和措施。理论计算分析和试验测试结果表明:利用具有超弹性效应的NiTi形状记忆合金制作的防断垫圈能够防止螺栓在外界载荷作用下所受拉力过大,达到限载防断目的,利用具有一定超弹性效应且弹性模量较小的FeMnSi基形状记忆合金制作的螺母能够使各个螺纹牙受力相对较均匀,达到均载防断目的,从而提高螺栓联接的安全性和可靠性。

The paper analyzes the cause of screw - thread breaking. And it provides the method and measure of solving the problems by utilizing Shape Memory Alloy（SMA ）. The results show that the problem of breaking can be solved effectively by using the washer of Ni - Ti SMA with special Pseudoelastic （ PE ） property and by using the nut of Fe - SMA with good Shape Memory Effect（SME） . So the security and reliability of the screw - thread connection can be increased greatly.