编制矿山开发建设项目水土保持方案的几点经验

Several Experiences on Program Design of Mine Exploitation and Construction of Water and Soil Conservation

矿业开发破坏地表植被,扰动岩石结构,常造成严重的人为水土流失。通过几年来工作实践的经验总结,对矿山开发建设项目水土保持方案编制中,水土流失预测和防治措施的合理布设,提出一些切实可行的方法和途径。水土保持防治措施的布置既要经济合理,又要满足各项水土流失防治理目标,它包括工程防治措施和植物防治措施2个部分。

Mine exploitation could destroy the vegetation and disturb the rock structure, of earth surface. It could result serious soil and water loss. Based on summarizing the experiences of practices of mine exploitation for several years, some suggestions on designing of mine-exploitation construction of water soil and conservation are brought forward from the following aspects： （1） the forecast of soil erosion; （2） the rational arrangement of control measures. The arrangement of control measures must be not only economical and rational, but also satisfy the need of the aim on soil and water conservation. The control measures include two types： engineering and plantation.