三江源地区土壤保持功能空间分析及其价值评估

The spatial analysis of soil retention function in Sanjiangyuan region and its value evaluation

在地理信息系统的支持下,利用已有的资料,将三江源地区划分为1km×1km的栅格,并以栅格为单元对其生态系统土壤保持功能进行分析和计算.运用通用土壤流失方程研究了该地区生态系统土壤侵蚀量和土壤保持量及其空间分布,并利用市场价值法、机会成本法和影子工程法评估了土壤保持功能的价值.研究表明,三江源地区生态系统土壤保持总量为1.04×109t/a,其价值总计为1.25×109元/a.其中保持土壤养分的经济价值为1.10×109元/a,减少废弃土地的经济价值为1.64×107元/a,减少泥沙淤积的经济价值为1.34×108元/a.

Sanjiangyuan region was divided into 1km×1km grid utilizing obtained data under the support of geographical information system and using the grid as unit to analyze and calculate the soil retention function of its ecosystem. The amounts of soil erosion and retention and their spatial distribution of the region were studied utilizing universal soil loss equation; and the techniques of market value, opportunity cost and shadow engineering were utilized to evaluate the value of soil retention function. The total amount of soil retention in the ecosystem of Sanjiangyuan region was 1.04×10^9t/d; its total value was 1.25×10^9yuan/a, in which the economic values of relenting soil nutrition, reducing abandoned land and reducing silt deposition were 1.10× 10^9yuan/a, 1.64×10^7yuan/a and 1.34×10^8yuan/a respectively.