掌浅弓的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of superficial palmar arch

目的为手掌血管损伤时,修复掌浅弓提供解剖学基础.方法对60例成人掌浅弓的类型、形状、对称性和分支进行解剖观察.结果掌浅弓分4型即尺动脉型、桡尺动脉型、正中尺动脉型、桡正中尺动脉型;以尺动脉型和桡尺动脉型为多见.掌浅弓有5种形状,即弧线形、单弓形、不完全形、鞍形和双弓形.弧线形与单弓形多见,不完全型、鞍型与双弓形少见.掌浅弓左右两侧对称性多见,占55.6%.掌浅弓的分支有3～6条,48例发出小指尺掌侧固有动脉,占80.0%.11例小指尺掌侧固有动脉与第3指掌侧总动脉共干,占18.3%.28例发出3条指掌侧总动脉,占46.7%.27例发出4条指掌侧总动脉,占45.0%.结论手掌损伤修复重建掌浅弓时应充分注意掌浅弓的分型、形状、对称性和分支.

Objective To provide anatomical basis for repairing clinically the superficial palmar arch. Methods The types, shape, symmetry and branches of the superficial palmar arch were observed anatomically on 60 cases of adult hand specimens. Results There were 4 types of the superficial palmar arch. They were ulnar arterial type, radio-ulnar arterial type, and median-ulnar arterial type, radi-medi-ulnar arterial type; majority were radio-ulnar arterial type and ulnar arterial type. There were 5 shapes of superficial palmar arch, including arc, arch,incompletion form, saddle form and hi-arch; the most frequently seen were arc and arch; incompletion form, saddle and bi-arch were rare. Symmetries were most frequently seen, taken up 55.6 per cent; There were 3-6 branches of the superficial palmar arch, 48 eases gave off ulnar palmar artery of quinary finger, taken up 80.0 per cent; 11 eases shared ulnar palmar artery of quinary finger and the third common palmar digital artery,taken up 18.3 per cent; 28 cases gave off 3 common palmar digital arteries, 46.7 per cent; 27 cases 4 common palmar digital arteries, 45.0 per cent. Conclusion When the operations of vessel repair and reconstruction of severed palm are performed, we should pay attention to the types, shape, symmetry and branches of the superficial palmar arch.