一次控制国会失败的尝试——试论1938年罗斯福对反新政民主党议员的“清洗”

On F. D. R's Purge to the Anti-New- Deal Democratic Congressmen in 1938

从"百日新政"时期开始,美国国会中就有一部分民主党议员反对新政.1937年罗斯福改组最高法院后,保守的民主党议员不仅公开地和保守的共和党议员结成了联盟,而且还和他们一起阻挠新政法案在国会的通过.上述民主党议员的行为促使罗斯福决定,在1938年的国会预选中对这些人进行"清洗"."清洗"对罗斯福任期内的美国历史产生了极大的影响,它使处于上升势头的联邦政府受到国会强有力的牵制.

Since ＂the New Deal in hundred days＂, there had been some democratic congressmen in Congress who were against The New Deal. After Roosevelt＇ s reorganizing of the American Supreme Court in 1937, those conservative democratic congressmen not only formed an alliance with the conservative republican congressmen in public but also stood with them to obstruct the New Deal bills from going through in Congress. These democratic congressmen＇ s behavior compelled Roosevelt to decide to purge them during the preliminary election in Congress in 1938. The purge exerted a great influence on American history during Roosevelt＇ s tenure in office, as it made the American federal government rising fettered severely by the Congress.