晋南人工刺槐林需水量计算及分析

The Calculation and Analysis of Artificial Acacia Plantation's Water Demand in the South of Shanxi Province

根据气象资料,运用彭曼公式(Penm an's form u la)和桑斯维特公式(T horn thw a ita's form u la),计算并分析了晋南黄土高原刺槐林的潜在蒸散量;结合2,3,5,7,13年生刺槐的耗水特性系数,计算得出其生长季(5-10月份)的需水量和需水总量;最后分析了刺槐林地水分供需状况。其结果显示,在晋南黄土高原,5年生以下的刺槐普遍能适应当地水分状况,而7年生以上的刺槐,由于缺乏水分,生长普遍受到抑制。以此提出,在水分条件较好的沟谷地、阴坡和半阴坡可营造刺槐用材林,在水分条件较差的半阳坡和阳坡可营造刺槐生态公益林。

According to the local weather data,the potential evapotranspiration of artificial acacia plantation in the south of Shanxi Province was calculated and analyzed by both Penman＇s formula and Thornthwaita＇s formula. According to the results and the water consumption coefficients of the acacias that are 2,3,5,7 and 13 years old,the water demand of the acacias in their growing period（May-Oct. ）was worked out. Then the water supply-demand equilibrium was analyzed. The results show that in general the acacias that are less than 5 years old can adapt to the local water situation in the south of Shanxi ,yet the acacias that are more than 7 years old can not. It is suggested that acacia timber forest should be planted in the places of ravine area ,shady hillside and semi-shady hillside where the water situation is good. While ecological public welfare acacia forest should be planted on semi-sunny hillside and sunny hillside where the water situation is bad.