沙漠地区高速公路工程防沙体系效益分析

Benefit Analysis of Sand-prevention Engineering System for Highway in Desert Region

沙漠地区高速公路建设在西部大开发中的战略地位和重要作用,决定了高速公路沙害防治已成为交通线路沙害防治的主要内容之一.以新地-麻黄沟高速公路为例,对防沙体系的防护效益进行研究.认为新地-麻黄沟高速公路防沙体系设计合理,符合当地自然环境条件;阻沙带、固沙带改变了风沙流结构,降低了输沙强度,增加了地表粗糙度,有效的起到了削弱风速,阻截流沙,控制沙丘形态变化,保持地表稳定的作用;防沙体系建成后仅节省清沙费一项,3年可收回体系建设投资,而防沙体系设计使用寿命为5～7年,若日常维护及时并辅以封育恢复天然植被措施,其使用寿命还可延长甚至长期发挥防沙作用;该地区公路防沙体系的结构配置对干旱、半干旱沙漠地区高速公路沙害防治具有一定的借鉴作用.

Strategic position and important function of highway development in desert region at the western region development decided that the sandy-prevention of highway has became the main contents in the transportation circuit. Taking Xindi-Mahuanggou highway as an example to research defending benefit of the sandy-prevention system. This sandy-prevention system of Xindi-Mahuanggou highway had a reasonable design ,matching the native natural environment ;the sand-prevention belt and the sand-fixed belt have changed the structure sandstorm flows,lowered the sandy-transportation rate. At the same time, it increased the roughness and took an important role in weakening wind velocity, preventing sand, controlling dune appearance variety and keeping surface stability;after the sandy-prevention system set up,only by the sandy-cleaning fee can taking back the investment of system developments during 3 years use. However,sand-defend system by engineering general for 5- 7 years use. If usually maintenance on time and assist to seal to restore natural plant measure,its service life can prolong to defend the sand over a long period of time;the sand prevention system of this region did a reference function to the sandy-prevention of highway in arid and semi-arid sandy land.